How does the ribosome know where to start translating the mRNA?
How does the ribosome know where to start translating the mRNA?
During initiation, the small ribosomal subunit binds to the start of the mRNA sequence. Then a transfer RNA (tRNA) molecule carrying the amino acid methionine binds to what is called the start codon of the mRNA sequence. During the elongation stage, the ribosome continues to translate each codon in turn.
Do ribosomes translate mRNA?
During translation, ribosomal subunits assemble together like a sandwich on the strand of mRNA, where they proceed to attract tRNA molecules tethered to amino acids (circles). A long chain of amino acids emerges as the ribosome decodes the mRNA sequence into a polypeptide, or a new protein.
Why does translation occur in the ribosome?
Translation takes place inside structures called ribosomes, which are made of RNA and protein. Ribosomes organize translation and catalyze the reaction that joins amino acids to make a protein chain. A ribosome is shown with mRNA and tRNA. Amino acids are emerging to form a protein chain.
Why does mRNA bind with a ribosome?
A ribosome binding site, or ribosomal binding site (RBS), is a sequence of nucleotides upstream of the start codon of an mRNA transcript that is responsible for the recruitment of a ribosome during the initiation of translation.
What are the 3 steps of transcription?
Transcription takes place in three steps: initiation, elongation, and termination. The steps are illustrated in Figure 2. Figure 2. Transcription occurs in the three steps—initiation, elongation, and termination—all shown here.
How many steps in protein synthesis?
three steps
What’s another word for protein synthesis?
Translation
Which part of cell is responsible for translation of protein?
ribosome
Is the plasma membrane a site of protein synthesis?
The part of the cell referred to as cytoplasm is slightly different in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. In eukaryotic cells, which have a nucleus, the cytoplasm is everything between the plasma membrane and the nuclear envelope. Many metabolic reactions, including protein synthesis, take place in this part of the cell.