What is Decidualization endometrium?
What is Decidualization endometrium?
Decidualization refers to the functional and morphological changes that occur within the endometrium to form the decidual lining into which the blastocyst implants. These changes include the recruitment of leukocytes and, importantly, the differentiation of endometrial stromal fibroblast cells (ESCs) into DSCs.
What does stromal Decidualization mean?
Decidualization is a process of stromal differentiation that is confined to species in which embryo implantation occurs interstitially, creating an interface between trophoblast and the maternal uterine stroma.
What are endometrial stromal cells?
The stromal compartment makes up the largest proportion of the endometrium and controls tissue proliferation, remodeling, and breakdown during the menstrual cycle, under the tight regulation of estrogen and progesterone, and local and peripheral immune cells [13].
What is Pseudodecidualization of endometrium?
Decidualized endometrium is endometrium with changes due to progestins. It is a physiological response seen in pregnancy. Non-physiological changes are referred to by some as pseudodecidualization or pseudodecidualized endometrium.
What causes Decidualization of endometrium?
Decidualization occurs in response to elevated levels of the ovarian steroid hormones, E2 and progesterone. Hormonal changes are required in order to support the differentiation that is necessary for implantation during the menstrual cycle.
What is implantation or Decidualization?
Once implantation occurs and the embryo breaches the luminal epithelium, the stromal cells surrounding the implanting embryo transform into a decidua by a process called decidualization [9,95].
What is endometrial stromal sarcoma?
Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma (ESS) is the rarest type of uterine cancer that accounts for less than 1% of cancers of the female reproductive organs. These tumors tend to occur more often in premenopausal women between 40-50 years of age. This is younger than the average for uterine cancer in general (early 60s).
What is the stroma made of?
Stroma: The supportive framework of an organ (or gland or other structure), usually composed of connective tissue. The stroma is distinct from the parenchyma, which consists of the key functional elements of that organ.
What causes decidualization of endometrium?
What is the decidualization process?
Decidualization is a process that results in significant changes to cells of the endometrium in preparation for, and during, pregnancy. In humans, decidualization occurs after ovulation during the menstrual cycle. After implantation of the embryo, the decidua further develops to mediate the process of placentation.
What causes decidualization?
What is implantation or decidualization?
Where does the decidualization of the endometrium occur?
Changes also occur in the stromal cells, which undergo a characteristic decidualization reaction. Decidualized stromal cells are derived from the fibroblast-like cells within the endometrium, which maintain their progesterone receptors in the presence of progesterone.
What are the changes in the endometrial stromal cell?
Additional changes include the secretion of interleukin (IL)-15, vascular endothelial growth factor, and surface expression of zinc dependent metalloproteinases such as CD10 and CD13. In vitro, elevated intracellular cAMP as well as progesterone is necessary for decidualization.
Where do decidualized stromal cells come from?
Decidualized stromal cells are derived from the fibroblast-like cells within the endometrium, which maintain their progesterone receptors in the presence of progesterone.
How does progesterone change the endometrium in vivo?
Changes in human endometrium are essential to allow the establishment of pregnancy. These changes are induced in vivo by progesterone, and include appearance within the tissue of a specific uterine natural killer cell, characterized by an abundant expression of CD56.