What is smog and how it is formed?
What is smog and how it is formed?
Photochemical smog is produced when sunlight reacts with nitrogen oxides and at least one volatile organic compound (VOC) in the atmosphere. Nitrogen oxides come from car exhaust, coal power plants, and factory emissions. When sunlight hits these chemicals, they form airborne particles and ground-level ozone—or smog.
What is the main component of smog quizlet?
What are the major components of smog? When and how does smog form in Los Angeles? nitrogen oxides (largely from automobile exhaust), volatile hydrocarbons, and oxygen in the atmosphere to produce ground-level ozone; this reaction requires solar energy.
What are the components of industrial smog?
Industrial smog contains two primary components: sulfur dioxide and particulates, which include dust and soot from burning coal for heat and fuel.
What is a major contributor to smog?
Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) one of the major air pollutants: gases formed through burning coal and oil; a major contributor to acid rain and photochemical smog.
Which gas is not responsible for smog?
The use of natural gas does not contribute significantly to smog formation, as it emits low levels of nitrogen oxides, and virtually no particulate matter. For this reason, it can be used to help combat smog formation in those areas where ground level air quality is poor.
Which gas is the main component of smog?
Smog, formed mainly above urban centres, is composed mainly of tropospheric ozone (O3); primary particulate matter such as pollen and dust; and secondary particulate matter such as sulphur oxides, volatile organic compounds, nitrogen oxides (NOx) and ammonia gas.
Is it unhealthy to live near a freeway?
Studies have found increased risk of premature death from living near a major highway or an urban road. Another study found an increase in risk of heart attacks from being in traffic, whether driving or taking public transportation. Adults living closer to the road—within 300 meters—may risk dementia.
How far away should you live from a freeway?
Avoid sites within 500 feet — where California air quality regulators warn against building — or even 1,000 feet. That’s where traffic pollution is generally highest, along with rates of asthma, cancer, heart attacks, strokes, reduced lung function, pre-term births and a growing list of other health problems.
Does living near a highway cause cancer?
A 2000 Denver study showed that children living within 250 yards or 228.6 meters of a highway with 20,000 vehicles per day are 6X more likely to develop all types of cancer and 8X more likely to get leukemia. The study looked at associations between traffic density, power lines and all childhood cancers.
How far away can you hear the highway?
Levels of highway traffic noise typically range from 70 to 80 dB(A) at a distance of 15 meters (50 feet) from the highway. These levels affect a majority of people, interrupting concentration, increasing heart rates, or limiting the ability to carry on a conversation.
How does noise reduce over distance?
The area of a surface around a point sound source increases with the square of the distance from the source. For every doubling of distance, the sound level reduces by 6 decibels (dB), (e.g. moving from 10 to 20 metres away from a sound source).
How far away can 100 dB be heard?
The effective distance of a 100 dB(A) sounder in a very noisy environment is 1.8m, the distance for a 120 dB(A) sounder is approx 18m (10 times the distance).
How far can humans hear?
The normal intelligible outdoor range of the male human voice in still air is 180 m (590 ft 6.6 in). The silbo, the whistled language of the Spanish-speaking inhabitants of the Canary Island of La Gomera, is intelligible under ideal conditions at 8 km (5 miles).
What frequency can kill you?
The most dangerous frequency is at the median alpha-rhythm frequencies of the brain: 7 hz. This is also the resonant frequency of the body’s organs.
What is the loudest sound possible?
Strictly speaking, the loudest possible sound in air, is 194 dB. The “loudness” of the sound is dictated by how large the amplitude of the waves is compared to ambient air pressure. A sound of 194 dB has a pressure deviation of 101.325 kPa, which is ambient pressure at sea level, at 0 degrees Celsius (32 Fahrenheit).
What animal can hear the farthest?
greater wax moth