What is TB and its types?
What is TB and its types?
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that typically affects the lungs, though it can also involve other body parts. When it affects the lungs, it’s called pulmonary TB. TB outside of the lung is called extrapulmonary TB.
What is the difference between pulmonary TB and miliary TB?
Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious infection that usually affects only your lungs, which is why it’s often called pulmonary tuberculosis. However, sometimes the bacteria get into your blood, spread throughout your body, and grow in one or several organs. This is called miliary TB, a disseminated form of tuberculosis.
What are the 3 stages of tuberculosis?
There are 3 stages of TB: exposure, latent, and active disease. A TB skin test or a TB blood test can often diagnose the infection.
What is the difference between latent and active TB?
Persons with latent TB infection do not feel sick and do not have any symptoms. They are infected with M. tuberculosis, but do not have TB disease. The only sign of TB infection is a positive reaction to the tuberculin skin test or TB blood test.
Does latent TB go away by itself?
Pulmonary tuberculosis frequently goes away by itself, but in more than half of cases, the disease can return.
How did I get latent tuberculosis?
TB bacteria can live in the body without making you sick. This is called latent TB infection. In most people who breathe in TB bacteria and become infected, the body is able to fight the bacteria to stop them from growing.
How do I know if I have latent tuberculosis?
The main ways to diagnose LTBI are by placing a tuberculin skin test (TST) on the forearm or by getting a TB blood test, in addition to obtaining a chest radiograph (x-ray) if either one of these tests is positive. One-third of the world’s population has LTBI. The TB germs are dormant (asleep) in the body.
Can I still work if I have latent TB?
Since people with latent TB infection cannot spread TB to others, nothing further will need to be done in the workplace. However, if the employee has TB disease, the TB control program may start a contact investigation.
What is the best treatment for latent TB?
As of 2018, there are four CDC-recommended treatment regimens for latent TB infection that use isoniazid (INH), rifapentine (RPT), and/or rifampin (RIF). All the regimens are effective. Healthcare providers should prescribe the more convenient shorter regimens, when possible.
What happens if you have latent TB?
If you have latent TB, the TB bacteria in your body are ‘asleep’. You are not ill and you cannot pass TB on to others. However, the bacteria might ‘wake up’ in the future, making you ill with active TB. The good news is that latent TB can be treated to prevent this happening.
Is latent TB treated in India?
All latent TB’s infection (LTBI) are treated in countries having low burden such as the United States. However, this approach cannot be implemented in high burden countries like India until concrete evidence or consensus by experts on this subject is made.
Is TB treatment free in Philippines?
In the Philippines, effective anti-tuberculosis drugs (isoniazid, rifampicin, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol, and Streptomycin) are available for free-of-charge through national and local government health centers (Philippine Department of Health).
How can Tuberculosis be avoided?
Stop the Spread of TB
- Take all of your medicines as they’re prescribed, until your doctor takes you off them.
- Keep all your doctor appointments.
- Always cover your mouth with a tissue when you cough or sneeze.
- Wash your hands after coughing or sneezing.
- Don’t visit other people and don’t invite them to visit you.
What is the DOTS strategy for tuberculosis?
Directly observed treatment, short-course (DOTS, also known as TB-DOTS) is the name given to the tuberculosis (TB) control strategy recommended by the World Health Organization. According to WHO, “The most cost-effective way to stop the spread of TB in communities with a high incidence is by curing it.
How long is TB treatment in Philippines?
Tuberculosis treatment involves taking antibiotics for a minimum of 6 months. Drug-resistant TB is a major concern as an increasing number of people are no longer able to be treated with previously effective drugs. Due to misuse of antibiotic therapies, patients can develop multi-drug resistant Tuberculosis (MDR TB).
How much is TB treatment in Philippines?
A six- to nine-month course of anti-TB drugs could cost PHP3,000 to PHP4,000.
When can a patient with TB return to work?
After you take the medicines for about 2 or 3 weeks, you may no longer be able to spread TB bacteria to others. If your doctor or nurse agrees, you will be able to go back to your daily routine, including returning to work or school.
What is the treatment plan for tuberculosis?
The preferred regimen for treating adults with TB remains a regimen consisting of an intensive phase of 2 months of isoniazid (INH), rifampin (RIF), pyrazinamide (PZA), and ethambutol (EMB) followed by a continuation phase of 4 months of INH and RIF.
How can I make my lungs stronger after TB?
Several studies have shown that vitamin D helps improve lung function as well as treating respiratory diseases, while others have linked some respiratory conditions to vitamin D deficiency: Vitamin D supplements may lower risk of childhood respiratory problems. Vitamin D intake may protect smokers’ lung function.
Does TB cause scarring of the lungs?
The healing process within the lung during and after treatment of tuberculosis can cause scarring, in turn, causing the loss of parenchymal tissue (the spongy part of the lung) ultimately leading to restrictive spirometry or restrictive lung disease.
Does TB cause long term lung damage?
Researchers have found that more than 1/3 of patients who are successfully cured of TB with antibiotics developed permanent lung damage which, in the worst cases, results in large holes in the lungs called cavities and widening of the airways called bronchiectasis.
How can I strengthen my lungs?
Follow these 8 tips and you can improve your lung health and keep these vital organs going strong for life:
- Diaphragmatic breathing.
- Simple deep breathing.
- “Counting” your breaths.
- Watching your posture.
- Staying hydrated.
- Laughing.
- Staying active.
- Joining a breathing club.